History of Demak

Demak was the first Islamic empire or kingdom in Java. The kingdom was founded by Prince Fracture (1478-1518) in 1478, is a nobleman Raden broken Majapahit kingdom duchy duke served as a Petty Officer, Demak. The prestige of the empire obtained from Walisanga, consisting of sembila the great scholars, the earliest Islamic preachers in Java.

At the beginning of the 14th century, Lu Yan Emperor of the Ming Dynasty in China sent a princess to the king UB V in Majapahit, as a token of friendship between the two countries. Beautiful princess beauty and smart was soon a special place in the hearts of kings. King UB is very subject to all the will of the princess and poise to carry a lot of disagreement in the Majapahit palace. Because the princess was berakidah monotheism. At that time, UB already has a queen from Champa (now named Cambodia), Champa king still relatives.

The empress had a mismatch with the daughter of Emperor Yan Lu administration. Finally with a heavy heart to get rid of the king's beautiful daughter of the palace. In a state contains, the princess granted to duke Pelembang, Arya Damar. Well that's where Raden Patah born from the womb of the princess china.

First name is Prince Jimbun raden broken. In his youth raden broken to education backgrounds and political nobility. 20 years he lived in the palace of the Duke of Palembang. Adult after he returned to Majapahit.

Raden Patah has a younger brother mother, but different fathers. When entering their teens, raden broken with his sister sailed to Java to study at Ampel Denta. They landed at the port of Tuban in the year 1419 AD.

Fracture had lived for some time in Ampel Denta, with Muslim merchants at the time. It was there he had the support of delegates Emperor of China, the admiral Cheng Ho, also known as Awang Dampo or Sam Poo Tai-jin, a Muslim commanders.

Raden broken explore religion of Islam with other young men, such as raden Nails (Sunan Giri), Makhdum Ibrahim (Sunan Bonang), and Raden Kosim (Sunan Drajat). Once considered passed, raden cleric believed to be broken and made settlements in the NCO. He was accompanied by the Sultan of Palembang, Arya Dilah 200 soldiers. Raden broken concentrated its activities in the NCO, because the area is planned by Walisanga as a center of Islamic kingdom in Java.

In NCO, Fracture also founded a boarding school. Religious broadcasting be implemented in line with the development of science. Slowly, the area became the center of the hustle and commerce. Raden ruled Demak broken up in 1518, and became the center of the spread of Islam Demak in Java since the government.

In beruturut respectively, only three sultans household name Demak, Raden Patah Namely the first king, duke or Pati Unus Muhammad Yunus as the second king, and Sultan Trenggana, brother Pati Unus, the third king (1524-1546).

In the reign of Raden Patah, Demak successful in various fields, including the expansion and defense of the kingdom, the development of Islam and its practice, and application of consultation and cooperation between scholars and umara (ruler).

Broken Raden success in the expansion and defense of the kingdom can be seen when he melanklukkan Girindra Ward who seized the throne of Majapahit (1478), to be majapahit are taking over power. In addition, also held reversing Broken terhada Portuguese, who had occupied Malacca, and want to disrupt Demak. He sent troops under the command of his son, Pati Unus or Duke or Prince Jonah Sabrang Lor (1511), though ultimately failed. Broken Raden struggle was continued by Pati Unus who succeeded his father in 1518.

In the field of Islamic propagation and development, Raden broke trying to apply Islamic law in many aspects of life. In addition, he also built a palace and mosque (1479) hitherto known for the Great Mosque of Demak. Mosque was fully supported by walisanga.

Among the three kings Demak Officer, Sultan Trenggana who successfully deliver Kusultanan Demak to its former glory. During trenggan, noncommissioned Demak territory covers the entire Java and most of the other islands. Military actions undertaken by Trenggana succeeded in strengthening and expanding the powers of Demak. In 1527, the army controlled tuban Demak, a year later occupied Wonosari (purwodadi, jateng), and in 1529 master Gagelang (madiun now). The next area was conquered medangkungan (Blora, 1530), Surabaya (1531), Lamongan (1542), the Mount Indemnity (1545), as well as Blambangan, last Hindu kingdom in the east end of the island of Java (1546).

In the west of the island of Java, a military force Demak also rampant. In 1527, Sunda Kelapa from Demak seize Pajajaran (Hindu kingdom in West Java), as well as dispel the Portuguese army troops will land there. Then, working with merchants Islam in Banten, Demak even managed to raze Pajajaran. With the fall Pajajaran, Demak can control the Sunda Strait. Step further, float as a source of pepper across the strait is also controlled and diislamkan. Keep in mind, the mainstay warlord Demak Fatahillah time was, the young man from Pasai (Sumatra), which is also the son of Sultan Trenggana.

In the northeast, the influence of the Sultanate of Demak also get to train in Borneo. Replacement candidate Raja Banjar never requested that the Sultan of Demak send troops, to turn the king's mediation banjo. Prospective heir to the crown, supported by the people of Java were converted to Islam, and by a scholar of Arabic, the heir to the throne was given the name of Islam. During the imperial period Demk, every year the king of Banjar send tribute to the Sultan of Demak. This tradition stopped when the power switch to the King of Display.

In his prime, Sultan Trenggana visit to Sunan Gunung Jati. From mountain Sunan teak, Trenggana earned Sultan Abdul Ahmad Arifin. Degree of Islam as it had previously been given to raden broken, after he managed to beat Majapahit.

Trenggana very persistent fight against the Portuguese. Along Demak resistance against the Portuguese are considered infidels. Islamic kingdom of Demak as the strongest of the day appointed themselves as the center of the spread of Islam in the 16th century.

Trenggan Sultan died in tahn 1546, in a battle to conquer Pasuran. He was replaced by Sunan Prawoto. After the sultan Trenggana drove to the heyday of Demak, the descendants of successive sultans ruled the empire until the emergence of a display.

Demak grand mosque as a symbol of the power of the character of Islam is inseparable from the Sultanate of Demak Officer. Walisanga activities centered on the mosque. That's where the nine trustees to exchange ideas about religious matters.

Demak Mosque founded by Walisanga together. Demak Chronicle indicates that the mosque was established in Saka 1399 (1477) which is characterized by candrasengkala Lawang Then Gunaning Janma, while the images are being fleeced in this mosque mihrab Saka year 1401 there is a symbol that shows that the mosque was established in the year 1479.

At first, majid grand Demak became the center of the first Islamic kingdom in Java. Buildings are also used as the headquarters of the trustees to hold Sekaten. At the ceremony sekaten, dibunyikanlah tambourine orchestra and front porch mosque, so people flock gathered and meet the next gate. Then the trustees held a grand sort of recitation, until the people had volunteered to be led to say two sentences creed.

The speed with which the city developed into a center of commerce Demak and traffic as well as the center of activity can not be separated from the part pengislaman the Great Mosque of Demak. From here the trustees and the king of the Sultanate of Demak held power expansion is accompanied by Islamic missionary activity throughout Java.